Nature Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Nature Tourism - Essay Example Motivation relates to the choice of destination and activities, which are expected to relate to trip satisfaction and subsequent travel related intentions. The theories of motivation are a way of understanding the tourist expectations formation, that is, the tourist behaviour. Do they accurately assess and analyse tourist behaviour If so, to what extent Some of the functions of attitude are knowledge, ego, defence, value expression, utility and social adaptation; these functions act as mediators between drives or motives and values or situations. The theory of tourism motivation explains the behaviour pattern and assists in the satisfaction of it's underlying cognitive and emotional motives. The two systems of emotions and cognition differ in the degree of control a person has over their generation and manipulation. The term cognition refers to the mental representations such as knowledge or beliefs. Emotions encompass drives, feelings and instincts. The two jointly contribute to tourism motivation process. Motive is a distinct type of learned or conceived action in the form of behaviour. Motivation contains results of a situation-person interaction. One and the same motive can generate situational different behaviour; while different motives can generate very similar behaviour. A person experiences a press or a pull, which usually appears in the guise of a threat of harm or promise of benefit. Both need and press, combine to form an equivalent group of behavioural situations. (Heckhausen, 1989.) When motives transform to motivation, the process of choosing specific destination and activities begin. "Motivation is based on feelings of competence and self determination." (Deci and Ryan, 1985.) Tourist motivation is a set of needs, which predispose a person to participate in a tourist activity. The important antecedents of individual motivation are cultural background, values, market communication, experience, and consumer self-perception. 3. Motivation of Nature Tourism People who live in cities are motivated to travel as tourists to areas of wilderness because they need to escape from an artificial monotonous environment. Gray's Travel Motivation Theory gives us two motives; first is the desire to go from a known place to an unknown place and the second is to go to a place which can provide the traveler with special facilities, that do not exist in the place of residence. This theory does not completely cover the aspects of nature tourism. It will be worthwhile to have a look at the Career Ladder Theory, which emphasizes that people have a range of motives for seeking out holiday experiences. With different levels, it allows for many motives. It is dynamic and covers the seven requirements, which are considered to be good to assess the theory of tourist motivation. These seven requirements are, it functions as a true theory; it appeals to different users; it is easy to

Delinquent youth subculture (Gangs) Research Paper

Delinquent youth subculture (Gangs) - Research Paper Example Rubel, these youth gang members mostly comprised of Mexicans who had migrated to the region of United States and may have developed a gang due to their difficult lives in America (Rubel, 1965). It has even been recorded that gangs started surfacing in major regions of United States such as New York during the period of 1800s when the Industrial Revolution was gaining pace (Franzese, 2006). As industrialization started to spread throughout the United States and attracted more and more immigrant populations, increase in number of gangs was witnessed in larger metropolitan areas such as Chicago (Franzese, 2006). The United States has witnessed an upsurge in the number of gangs and the gang members especially during the periods in which huge number of immigrant populations has travelled to the United States. Gangs have even emerged as a result of hostile activities that have been carried out against the ethnic groups they represent. In early periods of 1900s, Chicago witnessed an increas e in the number of African American gangs and gang members as a result of the hostilities they were facing at the hands of the White American gang members (Franzese, 2006). Later during the period of 1950s the African American gangs started becoming prominent on the streets of the Western regions of the United States (Franzese, 2006). These gang members could easily be witnessed in the regions where mostly those families resided that did not have access to proper economic opportunities. The Southern regions of the United States were the last in the race to experience the issue of gang related activity. Gang activity in these regions emerged and escalated between the periods of 1980s and 1990s (Franzese, 2006). Gang members and related activities are quite prevalent in the United States even in the years of 21st century. According to 2011 National Gang Threat Assessment, more than 1.4 million individuals are working with different gangs of United States and can be witnessed on the